“Roman Holiday,” directed by William Wyler and released in 1953, is a classic romantic comedy featuring Audrey Hepburn and Gregory Peck. The film tells the story of a princess who escapes her royal duties for a day in Rome and falls in love with an American journalist. Hepburn’s performance won her an Academy Award, and the film remains a beloved classic for its charming storyline and beautiful depiction of Rome.
1. Irony
Movie Scene Device Example Princess Ann’s escape from her royal life Situational irony : A princess, who typically embodies freedom and power, escapes to experience ordinary life. Joe Bradley’s initial plan to exploit Ann’s identity Dramatic irony : The audience knows Joe’s intentions while Ann remains unaware.
2. Symbolism
Movie Scene Device Example Ann’s haircut Symbolism of freedom and transformationThe Mouth of Truth scene Symbolism of honesty and hidden truths
3. Foreshadowing
Movie Scene Device Example Ann expressing her desire for freedom early in the film Foreshadows her escape Joe hiding his true profession from Ann Foreshadows the eventual revelation and conflict
4. Motif
Movie Scene Device Example Use of Roman landmarks Recurring motif that emphasizes the theme of exploration and freedom Ann’s royal duties Recurring motif highlighting the constraints of her life
5. Juxtaposition
Movie Scene Device Example Royal life vs. ordinary life Juxtaposition of Ann’s luxurious life and her experiences as an ordinary personJoe’s professionalism vs. personal feelings Juxtaposition of his career goals and his developing affection for Ann
6. Metaphor
Movie Scene Device Example Ann’s day in Rome Metaphor for personal freedom and self-discoveryJoe’s camera Metaphor for his role as an observer of Ann’s life and his own ethical dilemmas
7. Allusion
Movie Scene Device Example References to historical Roman sites Allusion to the rich history and culture of RomeAnn’s comparison to Cinderella Allusion to the fairy tale, highlighting her transformation
8. Hyperbole
Movie Scene Device Example Joe’s exaggerated stories to Irving Hyperbole to emphasize his desperation for a big storyAnn’s dramatic reaction to freedom Hyperbole to show her excitement and sense of liberation
9. Personification
Movie Scene Device Example Rome itself as a character Personification of the city, giving it life and characterThe Mouth of Truth scene Personification of the stone face, adding a sense of magic and legend
10. Irony
Movie Scene Device Example Ann returning to her royal life Irony of gaining freedom only to willingly return to her dutiesJoe and Ann’s parting Irony of their deep connection but inevitable separation due to their roles
Character Studies
Princess Ann
Literary Device Explanation Symbolism Ann’s haircut symbolizes her desire for freedom and personal transformation. Irony Her royal status contrasts with her yearning for a normal life, highlighting her inner conflict .
Joe Bradley
Literary Device Explanation Juxtaposition Joe’s initial professional intentions versus his genuine affection for Ann showcase his character development. Metaphor His camera represents his dual role as a journalist and a participant in Ann’s adventure .
Character Dynamics
Literary Device Explanation Foreshadowing Early hints of Ann’s desire for freedom set the stage for her escape and subsequent relationship with Joe. Allusion Ann’s comparison to Cinderella emphasizes the fairy-tale aspect of their relationship, underscoring the temporary nature of their bond.
Freedom vs. Duty
Device Explanation Symbolism Ann’s haircut represents her desire for freedom from her royal duties. Juxtaposition The contrast between Ann’s royal responsibilities and her experiences in Rome highlights the theme of personal freedom.
Identity and Self-Discovery
Device Explanation Metaphor Ann’s day in Rome serves as a metaphor for her journey of self-discovery. Irony The irony of Ann finding herself through pretending to be someone else underscores the theme of identity.
Romance and Sacrifice
Device Explanation Hyperbole Joe’s exaggerated stories and actions emphasize the lengths he goes to for his career and later for Ann. Irony The irony of Joe and Ann’s deep connection but inevitable separation due to their societal roles highlights the theme of sacrifice in romance .
Visual and Sound Techniques
Literary Device Technique Explanation Symbolism Use of lighting and shadows Enhances the symbolism of Ann’s transformation and freedom. Juxtaposition Camera angles and framing Highlights the contrast between Ann’s royal life and her adventures in Rome. Metaphor Music and sound effects The playful and romantic score underscores the metaphor of Ann’s journey of self-discovery.
Scene Selection
Scene 1: Ann’s Escape
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Breakdown: This scene uses irony and symbolism to highlight Ann’s desire for freedom. The dark, confined spaces of the palace contrast with the open, vibrant streets of Rome.
Scene 2: The Mouth of Truth
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Breakdown: This scene employs personification and metaphor . The Mouth of Truth symbolizes honesty, and the playful interaction between Joe and Ann represents their growing trust and affection.
Scene 3: The Final Goodbye
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Breakdown: The final scene is rich with irony and juxtaposition . The grandeur of the royal setting contrasts with the emotional intimacy of Joe and Ann’s farewell, emphasizing the theme of sacrifice in romance .
Interactive Quiz
Which literary device is used when Ann cuts her hair?
What does Joe’s camera symbolize in the film?
A) His wealth
B) His profession
C) His role as an observer and participant
D) His love for Ann
Which theme is highlighted by the contrast between Ann’s royal life and her adventures in Rome?
A) Freedom vs. Duty
B) Love and Betrayal
C) Revenge
D) Friendship
What does the Mouth of Truth symbolize?
A) Wealth
B) Honesty
C) Fear
D) Anger
Which device is evident in Joe and Ann’s inevitable separation?
